День 20: Passive Voice (All Tenses) + тема “Environment & Conservation”
Категория: B1-B2
? Цели:
-
Изучить Passive Voice (Пассивный залог) во всех временах.
-
Ознакомиться с лексикой на тему “Окружающая среда и охрана природы”.
-
Прочитать текст о проблемах экологии и возможных решениях.
-
Написать текст о том, как окружающая среда изменяется с каждым годом.
? Грамматика: Passive Voice (All Tenses)
? Что такое Passive Voice:
-
Пассивный залог используется, когда действие важнее, чем субъект (тот, кто выполняет действие).
-
В активном залоге: The company produces smartphones.
-
В пассивном залоге: Smartphones are produced by the company.
? Как образуется Passive Voice:
-
Present Simple: am/is/are + past participle (e.g., The book is read by many people.)
-
Present Continuous: am/is/are + being + past participle (e.g., The letters are being written now.)
-
Past Simple: was/were + past participle (e.g., The book was read yesterday.)
-
Past Continuous: was/were + being + past participle (e.g., The house was being painted when we arrived.)
-
Present Perfect: has/have + been + past participle (e.g., The project has been completed.)
-
Future Simple: will be + past participle (e.g., The house will be built next year.)
? Примеры:
-
The letter is sent every morning.
-
The car was washed yesterday.
-
The report will be finished by next week.
? Примечания:
-
В пассивном залоге не всегда указывается исполнитель действия. Например: The project was completed (не уточняется кто).
-
Вопросительные и отрицательные формы создаются с помощью вспомогательных глаголов.
? Лексика: Environment & Conservation (20 слов)
| Слово/Фраза | Перевод |
|---|---|
| environment | окружающая среда |
| pollution | загрязнение |
| climate change | изменение климата |
| deforestation | вырубка лесов |
| global warming | глобальное потепление |
| sustainability | устойчивое развитие |
| recycling | переработка |
| biodiversity | биоразнообразие |
| conservation | охрана природы |
| ecosystem | экосистема |
| renewable energy | возобновляемая энергия |
| fossil fuels | ископаемое топливо |
| conservation efforts | усилия по охране природы |
| carbon footprint | углеродный след |
| endangered species | исчезающие виды |
| habitat | местообитание |
| waste | отходы |
| natural resources | природные ресурсы |
| eco-friendly | экологически чистый |
| green energy | зеленая энергия |
? Чтение: "Protecting Our Environment"
Environmental protection has become one of the most urgent issues of our time. Many natural resources are being used up at an alarming rate, and pollution is increasing daily. If we don’t take action now, the planet will continue to suffer. Governments around the world are working on policies to reduce emissions and promote sustainability. Recycling programs are being implemented in many cities, and renewable energy sources are becoming more widely used. If people were more aware of the environmental problems, they would make better choices to protect nature.
❓ Вопросы:
-
What are some of the main environmental problems mentioned in the text?
-
What measures are being taken to protect the environment?
-
What can people do to help the environment?
✍️ Письменная практика:
Напиши 5 предложений, используя Passive Voice на тему экологии.
-
Many trees are planted every year to prevent deforestation.
-
Recycling bins are placed in every neighborhood to help reduce waste.
-
The environment is being polluted by harmful gases.
-
Solar panels will be installed in all new buildings next year.
-
The report about the environmental impact has been finished by the team.
?️ Устная практика:
-
Обсуди, как технологии могут быть использованы для охраны природы. Используй Passive Voice в разговоре.
-
Example: New methods are being developed to reduce pollution.
-